Document Outline
- List of Tables
- Table 2-1. Pin Type Definitions
- Table 2-2. 352 BGA Pin Assignments - Sorted by Pin Number
- Table 2-3. 352 BGA Pin Assignments - Sorted Alphabetically by Signal Name
- Table 2-4. 320 SPGA Pin Assignments - Sorted by Pin Number
- Table 2-5. 320 SPGA Pin Assignments - Sorted Alphabetically by Signal Name
- Table 3-1. Initialized Core Register Controls
- Table 3-2. Application Register Set
- Table 3-3. Segment Register Selection Rules
- Table 3-4. EFLAGS Register
- Table 3-5. System Register Set
- Table 3-6. Control Registers Map
- Table 3-7. CR4-CR0 Bit Definitions
- Table 3-8. Effects of Various Combinations of EM, TS, and MP Bits
- Table 3-9. Configuration Register Summary
- Table 3-10. Configuration Register Map
- Table 3-11. Configuration Registers
- Table 3-12. Debug Registers
- Table 3-13. DR7 and DR6 Bit Definitions
- Table 3-14. TLB Test Registers
- Table 3-15. TR7-TR6 Bit Definitions
- Table 3-16. Test Registers for Cache
- Table 3-17. TR5-TR3 Bit Definitions
- Table 3-18. Cache Test Operations
- Table 3-19. Memory Addressing Modes
- Table 3-20. GDT, LDT and IDT Registers
- Table 3-21. Application and System Segment Descriptors
- Table 3-22. Descriptors Bit Definitions
- Table 3-23. Application and System Segment Descriptors TYPE Bit Definitions
- Table 3-24. Gate Descriptors
- Table 3-25. Gate Descriptors Bit Definitions
- Table 3-26. 32-Bit Task State Segment (TSS) Table
- Table 3-27. 16-Bit Task State Segment (TSS) Table
- Table 3-28. Directory Table Entry (DTE) and Page Table Entry (PTE)
- Table 3-29. Interrupt Vector Assignments
- Table 3-30. Interrupt and Exception Priorities
- Table 3-31. Exception Changes in Real Mode
- Table 3-32. Error Codes
- Table 3-33. Error Code Bit Definitions
- Table 3-34. SMM Memory Space Header
- Table 3-35. SMM Memory Space Header Description
- Table 3-36. SMM Instruction Set
- Table 3-37. Descriptor Types Used for Control Transfer
- Table 3-38. FPU Registers
- Table 4-1. Graphics Control Register (GCR)
- Table 4-2. Display Resolution Skip Counts
- Table 4-3. Scratchpad Organization
- Table 4-4. L1 Cache BitBLT Register Summary
- Table 4-5. L1 Cache BitBLT Registers
- Table 4-6. Display Driver Instructions
- Table 4-7. Address Map for CPU-Access Registers
- Table 4-8. Internal Bus Interface Unit Register Summary
- Table 4-9. Internal Bus Interface Unit Registers
- Table 4-10. Region-Control-Field Bit Definitions
- Table 4-11. Synchronous DRAM Configurations
- Table 4-12. Basic Command Truth Table
- Table 4-13. Address Line Programming during MRS Cycles
- Table 4-14. Memory Controller Register Summary
- Table 4-15. Memory Controller Registers
- Table 4-16. Auto LOI -- 2 DIMMs, Same Size, 1 DIMM Bank
- Table 4-17. Auto LOI -- 2 DIMMs, Same Size, 2 DIMM Banks
- Table 4-18. Non-Auto LOI -- 1 or 2 DIMMs, Different Sizes, 1 DIMM Bank
- Table 4-19. Non-Auto LOI -- 1 or 2 DIMMs, Different Sizes, 2 DIMM Banks
- Table 4-20. Graphics Pipeline Registers
- Table 4-21. GP_RASTER_MODE Bit Patterns
- Table 4-22. Common Raster Operations
- Table 4-23. Graphics Pipeline Configuration Register Summary
- Table 4-24. Graphics Pipeline Configuration Registers
- Table 4-25. TFT Panel Display Modes
- Table 4-26. CRT and TFT Panel Data Bus Formats
- Table 4-27. CRT Display Modes
- Table 4-28. Display Controller Register Summary
- Table 4-29. Display Controller Configuration and Status Registers
- Table 4-30. Display Controller Memory Organization Registers
- Table 4-31. Display Controller Timing Registers
- Table 4-32. Display Controller Cursor Position Registers
- Table 4-33. Display Controller Palette
- Table 4-34. FIFO Diagnostic Registers
- Table 4-35. Standard VGA Modes
- Table 4-36. VGA Configuration Register Summary
- Table 4-37. VGA Configuration Registers
- Table 4-38. Virtual VGA Register Summary
- Table 4-39. Virtual VGA Registers
- Table 4-40. Special Cycle Code to CONFIG_ADDRESS
- Table 4-41. PCI Configuration Registers
- Table 4-42. Format for Accessing the Internal PCI Configuration Registers
- Table 4-43. PCI Configuration Space Register Summary
- Table 4-44. PCI Configuration Registers
- Table 5-1. Power Management Register Summary
- Table 5-2. Power Management Control and Status Registers
- Table 5-3. Power Management Programmable Address Region Registers
- Table 6-1. GX1 Processor Performance Characteristics
- Table 6-2. Pins with > 20-kohm Internal Resistor
- Table 6-3. Absolute Maximum Ratings
- Table 6-4. Recommended Operating Conditions
- Table 6-5. DC Characteristics (at Recommended Operating Conditions)
- Table 6-6. System Conditions Used to Determine CPUs Current Used During the "On" State
- Table 6-7. 1.6V DC Characteristics for CPU Mode = On (at Recommended Operating Conditions)
- Table 6-8. 1.6V DC Characteristics for CPU Mode = Active Idle, Standby, and Sleep (at Reco...
- Table 6-9. 1.8V DC Characteristics for CPU Mode = On (at Recommended Operating Conditions)
- Table 6-10. 1.8V DC Characteristics for CPU Mode = Active Idle, Standby, and Sleep (at Rec...
- Table 6-11. 2.0V DC Characteristics for CPU Mode = On (at Recommended Operating Conditions)
- Table 6-12. 2.0V DC Characteristics for CPU Mode = Active Idle, Standby, and Sleep (at Rec...
- Table 6-13. Drive Level and Measurement Points for Switching Characteristics
- Table 6-14. Clock Signals (Refer to Figures 6-5 and 6-6)
- Table 6-15. System Signals
- Table 6-16. PCI Interface Signals (Refer to Figures 6-7 and 6-8)
- Table 6-17. SDRAM Interface Signals (Refer to Figures 6-9 and 6-10)
- Table 6-18. Video Interface Signals (Refer to Figures 6-11 through 6-13)
- Table 6-19. JTAG AC Specification (Refer to Figures 6-14 and 6-15)
- Table 7-1. Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance for SPGA and BGA Packages
- Table 7-2. Case-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance Examples @ 85C
- Table 7-3. Mechanical Package Outline Legend
- Table 8-1. General Instruction Set Format
- Table 8-2. Instruction Fields
- Table 8-3. Instruction Prefix Summary
- Table 8-4. w Field Encoding
- Table 8-5. d Field Encoding
- Table 8-6. s Field Encoding
- Table 8-7. eee Field Encoding
- Table 8-8. mod r/m Field Encoding
- Table 8-9. General Registers Selected by mod r/m Fields and w Field
- Table 8-10. General Registers Selected by reg Field
- Table 8-11. sreg2 Field Encoding
- Table 8-12. sreg3 Field Encoding
- Table 8-13. ss Field Encoding
- Table 8-14. index Field Encoding
- Table 8-15. mod base Field Encoding
- Table 8-16. CPUID Levels Summary
- Table 8-17. CPUID Data Returned when EAX = 0
- Table 8-18. EAX, EBX, ECX CPUID Data Returned when EAX = 1
- Table 8-19. EDX CPUID Data Returned when EAX = 1
- Table 8-20. Standard CPUID with EAX = 00000002h
- Table 8-21. Maximum Extended CPUID Level
- Table 8-22. EAX, EBX, ECX CPUID Data Returned when EAX = 80000001h
- Table 8-23. EDX CPUID Data Returned when EAX = 80000001h
- Table 8-24. Official CPU Name
- Table 8-25. Standard CPUID with EAX = 80000005h
- Table 8-26. Processor Core Instruction Set Table Legend
- Table 8-27. Processor Core Instruction Set Summary
- Table 8-28. FPU Instruction Set Table Legend
- Table 8-29. FPU Instruction Set Summary
- Table 8-30. MMX Instruction Set Table Legend
- Table 8-31. MMX Instruction Set Summary
- Table 8-32. Extend MMX Instruction Set Table Legend
- Table 8-33. Extended MMX Instruction Set Summary
- Table A-1. Revision History
- List of Figures
- Figure 1-1. Internal Block Diagram
- Figure 1-2. Geode GX1/CS5530 System Block Diagram
- Figure 1-3. Geode CS9211 Interface System Diagram
- Figure 1-4. Geode GX1/CS5530 Signal Connections
- Figure 1-5. PIXEL Signal Connections
- Figure 1-6. Example WebPAD System Diagram
- Figure 1-7. Example Thin Client System Diagram
- Figure 1-8. Example Set-Top Box System Diagram
- Figure 2-1. Functional Block Diagram
- Figure 2-2. 352 BGA Pin Assignment Diagram (For order information, refer to Section A.1 Order I...
- Figure 2-3. 320 SPGA Pin Assignment Diagram (For order information, refer to Section A.1 Order ...
- Figure 3-1. Cache Architecture
- Figure 3-2. Memory and I/O Address Spaces
- Figure 3-3. Offset Address Calculation
- Figure 3-4. Real Mode Address Calculation
- Figure 3-5. Protected Mode Address Calculation
- Figure 3-6. Selector Mechanisms
- Figure 3-7. Selector Mechanism Caching
- Figure 3-8. Paging Mechanism
- Figure 3-9. System Management Memory Address Space
- Figure 3-10. SMM Execution Flow
- Figure 3-11. SMI Nesting State Machine
- Figure 3-12. SMM and Suspend Mode State Diagram
- Figure 4-1. Internal Block Diagram
- Figure 4-2. GX1 Processor Memory Space
- Figure 4-3. Memory Controller Block Diagram
- Figure 4-4. Memory Array Configuration
- Figure 4-5. Basic Read Cycle with a CAS Latency of Two
- Figure 4-6. Basic Write Cycle
- Figure 4-7. Auto Refresh Cycle
- Figure 4-8. READ/WRT Command to a New Row Address
- Figure 4-9. SDCLKIN Clocking
- Figure 4-10. Effects of SHFTSDCLK Programming Bits Example
- Figure 4-11. Graphics Pipeline Block Diagram
- Figure 4-12. Example of Monochrome Patterns
- Figure 4-13. Example of Dither Patterns
- Figure 4-14. Display Controller Block Diagram
- Figure 4-15. Pixel Arrangement Within a DWORD
- Figure 4-16. Display Controller Signal Connections
- Figure 4-17. Video Port Data Transfer (CS5530)
- Figure 4-18. Basic Read Operation
- Figure 4-19. Basic Write Operation
- Figure 4-20. Basic Arbitration
- Figure 5-1. HALT-Initiated Suspend Mode
- Figure 5-2. SUSP#-Initiated Suspend Mode
- Figure 5-3. PCI Access During Suspend Mode
- Figure 5-4. Stopping SYSCLK During Suspend Mode
- Figure 6-1. BGA Recommended Split Power Plane and Decoupling
- Figure 6-2. SPGA Recommended Split Power Plane and Decoupling
- Figure 6-3. Absolute Max I/O Current De-rating Curve (All Speeds and Core Voltages)
- Figure 6-4. Drive Level and Measurement Points for Switching Characteristics
- Figure 6-5. SYSCLK Timing and Measurement Points
- Figure 6-6. SDCLK[3:0] Timing and Measurement Points
- Figure 6-7. Output Timing
- Figure 6-8. Input Timing
- Figure 6-9. Output Valid Timing
- Figure 6-10. Setup and Hold Timings - Read Data In
- Figure 6-11. Graphics Port Timing
- Figure 6-12. Video Port Timing
- Figure 6-13. DCLK Timing
- Figure 6-14. TCK Timing and Measurement Points
- Figure 6-15. JTAG Test Timings
- Figure 7-1. Heatsink Example
- Figure 7-2. 352-Terminal BGA Mechanical Package Outline
- Figure 7-3. 320-Pin SPGA Mechanical Package Outline
- 1.0 Architecture Overview
- 2.0 Signal Definitions
- 3.0 Processor Programming
- 3.1 Core Processor Initialization
- 3.2 Instruction Set Overview
- 3.3 Register Sets
- 3.4 Address Spaces
- 3.5 Offset, Segment, and Paging Mechanisms
- 3.6 Interrupts and Exceptions
- 3.7 System Management Mode
- 3.8 Halt and Shutdown
- 3.9 Protection
- 3.10 Virtual 8086 Mode
- 3.11 Floating Point Unit Operations
- 4.0 Integrated Functions
- 4.1 Integrated Functions Programming Interface
- 4.2 Internal Bus Interface Unit
- 4.3 Memory Controller
- 4.4 Graphics Pipeline
- 4.5 Display Controller
- 4.5.1 Display FIFO
- 4.5.2 Compression Technology
- 4.5.3 Hardware Cursor
- 4.5.4 Display Timing Generator
- 4.5.5 Dither and Frame Rate Modulation
- 4.5.6 Display Modes
- 4.5.7 Graphics Memory Map
- 4.5.8 Display Controller Registers
- 4.5.9 Memory Organization Registers
- 4.5.10 Timing Registers
- 4.5.11 Cursor Position and Miscellaneous Registers
- 4.5.12 Palette Access Registers
- 4.5.13 FIFO Diagnostic Registers
- 4.5.14 CS5530 Display Controller Interface
- 4.6 Virtual VGA Subsystem
- 4.7 PCI Controller
- 5.0 Power Management
- 6.0 Electrical Specifications
- 7.0 Package Specifications
- 8.0 Instruction Set
- 8.1 General Instruction Set Format
- 8.2 CPUID Instruction
- 8.3 Processor Core Instruction Set
- 8.4 FPU Instruction Set
- 8.5 MMX Instruction Set
- 8.6 Extended MMX Instruction Set
- Appendix A Support Documentation
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designed to power information appliances for entertain-
ment, education, and business. Serving the needs of con-
sumers and business professionals alike, it's the perfect
solution for IA (information appliance) applications such as
thin clients, interactive set-top boxes, and personal internet
access devices.
categories as defined by the core operating voltage. Avail-
able with core voltages of 2.0V, 1.8V, and 1.6V, it offers
extremely low typical power consumption (1.2W, 1.0W, and
0.8W, respectively) leading to longer battery life and
enabling small form-factor, fanless designs. Typical power
consumption is defined as an average, measured running
Microsoft Windows at 80% Active Idle (Suspend-on-Halt)
with a display resolution of 800x600x8 bpp at 75 Hz.
Low Power Integrated x86 Solution
Geode, WebPAD, and VSA, are trademarks of National Semiconductor Corporation.
For a complete listing of National Semiconductor trademarks, please visit www.national.com/trademarks.
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the vast amount of Internet content available, the intelligent
integration of several other functions, such as audio and
graphics, offers a true system-level multimedia solution.
that offers competitive performance. It contains integer and
floating point execution units based on sixth-generation
technology. The integer core contains a single, five-stage
execution pipeline and offers advanced features such as
operand forwarding, branch target buffers, and extensive
write buffering. Accesses to the 16 KB write-back L1 cache
are dynamically reordered to eliminate pipeline stalls when
fetching operands.
sor integrates a host of functions typically implemented
with external components. A full function graphics acceler-
ator contains a VGA (video graphics array) controller, bit-
BLT engine, and a ROP (raster operations) unit for
complete GUI (Graphical User Interface) acceleration
under most operating systems. A display controller con-
tains additional video buffering to enable >30 fps MPEG1
playback and video overlay when used with a National
Semiconductor Geode I/O or graphics companion chip
(e.g., CS5530 or CS9211). Graphics and system memory
accesses are supported by a tightly coupled SDRAM con-
troller which eliminates the need for an external L2 cache.
A PCI host controller supports up to three bus masters for
additional connectivity and multimedia capabilities.
Architecture
systems. Software handlers are available that provide full
compatibility for industry standard VGA and 16-bit audio
functions that are transparent at the operating system level.
GX1 processor Geode devices provide a scalable, flexible,
low-power, system-level solution well suited for a wide
array of information appliances ranging from hand-held
personal information access devices to digital set-top
boxes and thin clients.
-- 352-Terminal Ball Grid Array (BGA) or
-- 320-Pin Staggered Pin Grid Array (SPGA)
-- Available 1.6V, 1.8V, or 2.0V core
-- 3.3V I/O interface
-- 0.8W @ 1.6V/200 MHz
-- 1.2W @ 2.0V/300 MHz
age, measured running Windows at 80% Active
Idle (Suspend-on-Halt) with a display resolution of
800x600x8 bpp @ 75 Hz.
-- Frame buffer and video memory reside in main
provided by National Semiconductor
acceleration of multimedia applications
paging mechanisms and optimizes code fetch perfor-
mance:
-- Load-store reordering gives priority to memory reads
-- Memory-read bypassing eliminates unnecessary or
enhanced for VSA technology
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-- APM (Advanced Power Management) for Legacy
Direct support for all standard processor (C0-C4)
controlled modes:
-- Active Idle (core-only stopped, display active)
-- Standby (core and all integrated functions halted)
-- Sleep (core and integrated functions halted and all
Programmable duty cycle for optimal performance/
external logic
concurrent with CPU accesses to L1 cache
ware) virtualization of hardware functions
-- High performance legacy VGA core compatibility
-- 16-bit stereo FM synthesis
-- OPL3 emulation
-- Supports MPU-401 MIDI interface
-- Hardware assist provided via Geode I/O companion
needed
-- Bresenham vector engine
Microsoft's DirectDraw
scratchpad for enhanced performance
greatly reduces memory bandwidth consumption of
display refresh
enable video acceleration in Geode I/O and graphics
companion chips
chips for CRT and TFT flat panel support eliminates the
need for an external RAMDAC
graphics subsystem for maximum efficiency
-- Two 168-pin unbuffered DIMMs
-- Up to 16 simultaneously open banks
-- 16-byte reads (burst length of two)
-- Up to 512 MB total memory supported
and Windows NT in non PC applications; along with
Windows CE and Windows NTE
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